I'm all for this more open internet without the walled gardens, but skeptical that we'll get there simply by creating open alternatives. Not only is there a massive amount of inertia behind the walled garden networks that exist now, but you need people to build these complex things. Given how focused most engineers are on compensation (e.g., the obsession with FAANG as the pinnacle), I don't see how open things that likely don't have such a gigantic mountain of money behind it can compete for the necessary resources to execute the vision. Compensation will probably always pull the people who build stuff to the walled garden companies and the alternative will have trouble providing a competitive alternative. Plus, it seems inevitable that if some entity DOES start to build an open alternative to the walled gardens, at some point they'll feel the itch to grow, and slowly but surely I expect little tiny walls will begin to subtly sprout. Email is a bit of a bad comparison since the protocols existed BEFORE the big companies we see today, and that sort of meant they all interoperated from the start. Had we not had email in 1990 and different companies had to come up with their own messaging systems, we'd probably not see the clean interoperability we see today.
That’s why though I like ideas like Solid or the Fediverse, I’m skeptical they can be more than aspirational. The tech here isn’t the hard part, it’s the social factors.
That’s why I’m currently most excited about ATProto (Bluesky)… bootstrapping a protocol as a centralized service that has already hit critical mass, and that can now be fully decentralized on an opt-in basis… feels promising.
What pcorda is describing is actually the premise of Bluesky, which is why it was initially funded through grants and established as a Public Benefit Corporation. The logic has been to find the appropriate hybrid of commercial and non-commercial interest which will support the work.
The initial team came from a bunch of activist projects (typically p2p) and the thing we concluded was that activism requires a theory of change. How is your new technology going to get adopted across the world? The software world still largely operates by markets. Startups are the vehicle for distribution. So we need to behave like a startup while still accomplishing the technical/mission work.
The incredible gift was the initial funding and awareness, which Dorsey deserves a lot of credit for^1. That gave us about 10 months to do protocol work prior to commercialization, which was less than we wanted but just enough to get it done.
ActivityPub deserves a lot of credit too for its progress under an entirely different model, which I tend to describe as communitarian. What both projects did correctly was connect the protocol to an initial application that drives that distribution. Whether either get to "mass" adoption (greater than centralized services) is now the big question.
^1 Apologies for teeing up the inevitable "Dorsey left" conversations.
I looked in at ATProto and it is really well thought out and promising. Thank you for posting this.
It isn't easy to create alternative, but it should not be created as alternative to Facebook for example, but an alternative space for people to connect and express themselves. That will work more then just create another copy.
I think you're at least partly right, which is why the solution is heavy financial penalties against large companies. The problem isn't tech, it's mountains of money. Flatten those mountains.
They will be turned into public utilities. Especially messaging. One country will start. Others will follow.
After which majority that doesnt need the levels of constant Attention the social media addicted free content manufacturing minority does will leave. And social media will face major issues.
Cuz when ever growing Content chases finite non growing eyeballs you cant keep increasing Ad prices every quarter and report profits for ever. This is zuckanomics which is utter shit.
Analysts are already seeing those limits being hit but since they havr seen time and again when limits get hit corporate robots like zuck then do layoffs, buy the competition, capture regulators, avoid tax, sell more personal data, inject more ads etc etc they still see scope for parasitic growth.
But parasitic growth comes with predictable and unpredictable cost. And they will build with time. Just like Jurassic Park. And we know how that story ends.
Human Attention cannot be exploited at population scale or there will be chaos.
Attention is being exploited at scale. It's continuing, and evolving, and might soon manifest as other things (like intention).
I am not sure your predictions are accurate, but I at least would like a couple of them to be. I have thought a lot about the idea of certain ubiquitous and permeating things like social media as utilities, or at least non-profits with a public oversight and standards/requirements to comply with that are substantial, limiting, and entirely designed around what is good for the public rather than what is good for a business. Not sure this will ever actually happen, as time goes on, I only find more arguments for why it should, not less.
> will be turned into public utilities. Especially messaging.
Honestly, yes. It's working for China. With America doing its thing right now, it makes sense for e.g. the EU and Canada to look at whether handing communications and social media to American companies makes sense.
It's interesting that the proposed solution to this problem is more often than not "add another layer."
The solution as far as I see it is to just go back to the zero algorithm version of social media. You follow people, you see their stuff in your feed. At best, you get recommendations of who to follow, but there's zero compulsion to follow or look at anything. No AI, no fancy algorithms, just good ol' fashioned CRUD.
Wrap the whole thing up in a nice UI/UX and, most importantly, take a 100% neutral stance on politics and other "faction building" modes of thought.
The chaos really didn't start until the algorithms (and by extension, the low-quality content they elevate) and politics came in. All of the alternatives so far have implemented some of the above ideas, but the juiciness of taking a political/ideological stance has been too attractive.
"One way to do this is to mandate that social network platforms follow new standards. Another is to quietly build an alternative world using these standards and let people realize that it is better — just as they did when leaving restricted online services AOL and Prodigy for the freedom of the web."
We would all have to take on the role of the evangelist in a serious way. I really love that he wrote this article.
It is easy in a physical and technical sense, and it also probably be easy in the other senses if the power to make that decision was held by a different group of people than those who currently do.
Nobody is saying that it is "easy" to mean that there's no friction preventing it and that it's astounding that it hasn't been done. On the contrary--the fact that certain beneficial things are very easy in a logistical sense but incredibly difficult in a power/cultural/social structure sense is the core of the problem. And it's worth reminding people about.
Am I missing something? He wants to make an app where you put all of your data and then an AI to act on it? Can someone smarter than me explain why this is a good idea?
>When the web started, you could make your own website so long as you had a computer and an internet connection (admittedly back then this was a big proviso). You could get a domain name like abc.com and put whatever you liked there. You could blog, and link to other blogs. You were part of an incredibly valuable thing from which you seemed to contribute a tiny bit and gain a great deal.
>That feeling of personal empowerment we sometimes call digital sovereignty has since been lost.
It hasn't been lost with the rise of social media. If someone wants to blog their thoughts they still only need a computer with an internet connection, but now it's even easier than before. They can register an X account, for example, for free compared to spending double $xx per year for a domain. Instead of having to build a whole website and finding a server to host it X makes it easy for you. For blogging X is a more attractive platform than the web is for the average person.
Just because there are aspects that are decentralized, that doesn't mean it's better. It's not like you are free to talk about anything on the web. In practice DNS is centralized. The server's upstream is centralized. Instead of making reports to X, they make reports to registrars and ISPs. If you want to fix the danger of being cut off you need to do it via the legal system as it's not something decentralization can entirely fix.
>This is the system that we already have for email — that’s why you can have an email group that includes people using different providers such as Gmail, Outlook and Yahoo.
Sure email exists, but in practice consumers prefer to chat using centralized platforms. The federated nature of email made it stagnant which made it fail to compete with other messaging platforms.
> Changing the algorithm to make it benevolent rather than polarising is easy for those who control the platforms.
I probably don't want a feed where someone else decides what's good for me to see.
> When the web started, you could make your own website so long as you had a computer and an internet connection (admittedly back then this was a big proviso).
Substack, Medium, GitHub pages, Blogger, several WordPress places, etc. Or a $2.50/mo VPS and a $10/yr domain name, or some of the big cloud providers probably have things they scale down even further.
> We did not insist that we could share our Facebook photos with our LinkedIn colleagues, for example. Nor did we insist that we could use the same identity and transfer the same friend list from Instagram to X and then to Reddit.
I specifically do not want all sites to be views onto a single global space with global identities and relationships.
> Another is to quietly build an alternative world using these standards and let people realise that it is better
Thing is, for awhile now, "social media" is the RSS feed. The social networks are the feed to access the content in the various gardens beyond the wall. As in the POSSE approach. Happy for more ppl to publish on their own sites but we need the social networks to provide the launching point, the syndication point to get to that content. And as along as the networks offer that "following" view so I can see most of the content from those I choose to follow, I'm also ok with some algorithm showing me other stuff related/beyond/curated. The network effect is a bonus and keeps the fresh content and viewpoints beyond what's immediately in front of me and that's healthy and useful somewhat.
If only Google would stop indexing social media and start linking to blogs and sources of real people the world would be better off. Maybe we need a humanity score for the search results and not an engagement score. Do I really need to see Reddit, Quora, Twitter here?
The most ironic thing about this story is that 1) it is a story about the problems with walled gardens, and 2) it is hosted on a site that actually is a walled garden and will not let anyone read the article until you pay them
One thing that these efforts seem to miss: payments.
The ads are there not just for fun, but they provide an income stream to content creators and for the networks themselves. In essence, ads work as a micro-payment infrastructure. But then you need to drive up visits to increase the number of ad impressions. And this leads to the spiral of ever-radicalizing media.
What can be done? I don't know. Something like "basic attention token" but without shady crypto, perhaps?
AFAICT, content is "rated" not on quality, but on quantity, as in popularity and virality; essentially all the things that advertisers love.
Now, that's not to say that popularity and quality are mutually exclusive; only that popularity is the only measure that I can see in operation.
I actually do pay for quality, but not on the internet, partly due to the lack of tokens, and the rather nasty risk of using one's credit card at countless sites. Each one increases the already too-high risk of hacking by some factor unknown to me, and I limit internet payments as much as I can. I'm not a fan of pre-paid credit cards. I use Apple Pay to conceal the credit card info, though that's not a foolproof system. Apple too often asks for a passcode when I am shopping, and in sight of shoulder surfers and surveillance cameras.
The ideal is be able to reduce to effectively noncommercial at-cost operations, perhaps by distributing through services that are paid for but underutilized.
Some people think that adtech has to be intrusive and violating for it to be effective, but that's not true - we're just competing against highly vertical monopolies with total dominance, from browser to industry. I think sponsorship models might be good alternatives, with service provided through municipal providers like amateur radio bands.
There would have to be some strict rules, but it could be available to anyone within a certain address space who is a private citizen operating in either a non-commercial or limited commercial capacity (and limited external connectivity, like a local LAN), managed like the CB crowd does against unauthorized usage.
If you want to peer with the town over and they're dominated by a private ISP who won't allow it, maybe it'll give them something to think about.
Literally not. The article has zero answers about what to do with ads.
You can't build a sustainable model without having an income. And ads are the only way to get it right now, because subscriptions can't scale down to the level of individual sites.
simple.
mandate that each human gets as owned, non saleable property, a full digital domain, web space for personal and business activities,including hosting video and other media, email, phone, text, as birthrights. guaranteed private and protected from warantless search and guaranteed copyright to media created by each indivual, with this provisio, that greater traffic would be scrutenised, and past a certain point would be considered public, or in need of incorporating etc, ie private peer to peer, at the human level, and perhaps some record of networks, where people convicted of serious crimes enabled by and useing digital comunication
could be exposed and have there "networks" examined.
platforms would still exist, but would be bound to include personal links if so desired.
impose this, and empower, everybody
Honestly, this feels so underwhelming. Nothing in this article mentions anything new, there are quite a lot of decentralized and p2p protocols already which have proven to work at scale. The web is far more complex now and from the looks of it, Tim is failing to grasp it
One comment here called out content junk food, another called out the complexity of the replacement. It's both. People generally don't want thoughtful, quality content, and they certainly don't want to pay for it.
Also funny to see the article behind the FT paywall, but that's an audience that actually does pay for quality content.
Social media is like fentanyl or cocaine for the masses. It’s preying on people’s stresses and poor mental health by providing temporary relief or disconnecting from the real world. Social media being a place to connect and maybe even run a small business is like 1% of it. It’s a place for attention seeking people filling their loneliness with fake connections and content while content consumers are trying to achieve the same buy consuming instead.
Ive seen people unable to get out of instagram. Their fingers are constantly twitching and scrolling. This is just like drugs and controlled substances. The government punishes the dealers and is trying to control but failing cause there are plenty of corrupt people willing to bypass this. Same goes with social media. Zuckerberg is probably worse than Escobar.
Social medias promise of social connections was really just the same as what drug dealers offer, the good stuff for new consumers and then once they are hooked give them the cheap stuff. They really don’t care about ‘social’ part of it because the addiction potential is so high.
Start doing mass studies on cognitive problems created by instagram and TikTok. Publish them in big journals and show how social media can go from social to addictions so quickly. People already consider phones as part of their body, I won’t be surprised if people also consider their instagram account more valuable than their health.
> Start doing mass studies on cognitive problems created by instagram and TikTok. Publish them in big journals
This has already happened. We didn't kick Big Tobacco by publishing research and just talking about it. We got them with bans. I don't see America doing it. But now would be a good time for e.g. the EU to start regulating social media like a utility.
We made smoking heavily taxed and socially unacceptable as well - watch Die Hard 2. John McClain is smoking in public spaces like the AIRPORT. People still do cocaine regularly, but in secret or in bathrooms. The problem with social media is the legal SUPPORT in the US, it’s far worse than tobacco ever dreamed of accomplishing.
Banning social media in public spaces is something I would support, but HOW?
> could just actually enforce the existing GDPR which already makes most of these addiction-based models unsustainable
It would be ill advised without a popular mandate. Remember the conspiracy theories the TikTok ban prompted? You don't want to yank the neo-Nazis' Twitters on a bureaucratic point.
Not really. The TikTok ban was rooted in national security concerns. The coalition that brought it forward would not be useful for regulating social media as the drug analog it is.
I don't see a brilliant move in America. (There is an a brilliant opportunity in the EU, Canada and Mexico to recapitulate the TikTok bill's rhetoric and structure, aiming it at both China and America.)
> Social media is like fentanyl or cocaine for the masses… Ive seen people unable to get out of instagram. Their fingers are constantly twitching and scrolling. This is just like drugs and controlled substances.
Flying is such a wild experience as you can always see the person in front of you constantly scrolling. One time I saw a young gal pay $20 for internet on a 3 hour flight and would scroll Facebook for a minute or two, switch to Instagram for a minute or two, then back to Facebook… for 4 straight hours (boarding + flight + landing). I was genuinely appalled.
I've been the same thing now that I look for it. In a theater in December I saw at least 2 people scrolling through Google or Apple News. In the plane I saw at least 3 people on TikTok. On roadtrips people scroll through Reddit when there is a lull in the conversation.
I don't think it's necessarily worse than people reading a book! But it is certainly widespread.
Rhetoric like this is interesting to me because it so precisely mirrors what I heard growing up about alcohol. I had a large group of friends whose families were very religious in a religion that was very anti-alcohol. They had reached a critical mass where they didn’t know anyone who drank alcohol (or admitted to it, anyway) other than stories of severe alcoholics that got passed around the community. These stories were emphasized and amplified for them every Sunday. They truly didn’t believe that moderate or occasional alcohol consumption was possible, because to them the only thing they knew about alcohol was the part about addicts whose lives had been destroyed.
Even from a young age I thought it was strange how much they bounced these stories back and forth off of each other and how good they were at finding more stories about celebrities or local figures who had problems with alcohol to support their case.
It was also fascinating how self-congratulatory it all become. They weren’t simply sharing stories to earn each other away from a trap, they were sharing stories to reaffirm their own superiority as people who saw through the sham and wisely chose against it. The worse they made it sound, the more superior they could feel about being on the outside.
I get the exact same vibes when I read internet posts like this, which take the situation to such an extreme that they think comparisons like this are accurate and profound:
> Zuckerberg is probably worse than Escobar
Then there’s the idea that social media can’t be used for socializing, and anyone claiming otherwise is lying:
> Social media being a place to connect and maybe even run a small business is like 1% of it. It’s a place for attention seeking people filling their loneliness with fake connections and content
Yet many of us are out here using social media to keep up with friends without spending 99% of our time doing this fentanyl-like addiction that everyone tells us is inevitable.
I’m not saying that people don’t get addicted to social media, just as there are people who get addicted to alcohol (obviously). I’m merely pointing out that, like alcohol, the vast majority of people who participate aren’t degenerate addicts who lose control. This weird rhetoric about Zuckerberg being worse than Escobar or implied calls for government to treat it like drug dealers are fodder for the self-congratulatory people who want extra validation for their decision to stay off social media (defined in a way to exclude Hacker News, Reddit, and other social sites), but they’re hardly accurate. It’s weird to see these hyperbolic takes being so popular on, oddly enough, social commentary sites.
To your drinking analogy, imagine there was a version of alcohol that had all the positive effects (being drunk is fun and silly, makes social interaction flow a bit easier, etc) and none of the negative effects. But then a company called Drinkbook comes along and their version has all the same positives but also many, many drawbacks. They become a huge company and kill off all the smaller producers, and everyone uses their version :)
That's effectively what happened to social interaction on the internet. We had all the connection before, but none of the addiction. So I just don't buy the argument that the hyper addictive variants of social media are a net good.
Thanks for sharing that insight. When I read the original comment I felt like I was an outlier for thinking how beneficial I’ve found social media on a personal level. If used with intention then there’s a wealth of learning and knowledge that the algorithms help deliver.
Of course there are many people who use social media purely for distraction. Which if used chronically is going to have an overwhelming negative impact.
In social media’s current for profit model it benefits from negatively impacting people. Which is a shame given if it wanted to, it could focus on the wellbeing of all its users.
An example I can give is the Reddit app that used to give a warning if a user used it for over a certain amount of time. These days it encourages it’s users to stay engaged with badges.
Zuck directly controls the algorithm to his own ends, he is much worse than Escobar, he is actively destroying the minds of children. You are defending him bc you don't want to believe that we are in the dystopian nightmare we all feared.
I believe, you are a specific minority actually. What the OP described “gal flipping between FB/Insta” is actual reality around me when I am outside and look around me. Young and adult, all are flipping, the younger they are more TikTok/Insta, older they are more FB/X.
Even some of my family members who preached the bad of smartphones and internet are addicted to Facebook/Youtube and mindlessly scroll away while I observe the insanity.
It is sad and unimaginable for those of us who can resist the claws of the addiction, but for the rest 99%, it is just escaping the boredom/loneliness/social disconnect.
Social media wanted to connect people to genuine interactions over long distances, instead it has created a whirlwind of addiction media supply. Most people’s feed are very insignificant portion of their real connections and dominant following of content farms, celebrity gossips, meme, media misinformation, polarisation and of course 66% of ads trying to sell them something related to the most common trend of their feed at that hour.
You don't need to be a degenerate alcoholic to see negative health effects from drinking alcohol. Alcohol hastens obesity by being high in calories, impairs sleep quality, damages your brain/liver and may be a carcinogen.
The point being, social media can be bad for your health even if it doesn't ruin your life.
> Social medias promise of social connections was really just the same as what drug dealers offer, the good stuff for new consumers and then once they are hooked give them the cheap stuff. They really don’t care about ‘social’ part of it because the addiction potential is so high.
This is a little to cynical of a take and ignores how social media really evolved. Facebook and myspace were actual social places where we interacted with each other.
You need to look at the evolution (which mostly happened organically) where businesses started joining as people and eventually social media stopped being social and turned into a one direction communication platform. The only non-organic evolution i think is the change from chronological timeliness to algorithim
There is a massive amount of very high-quality compelling (and damning) studies on this subject, with more coming in all the time, and very little that contradicts the premise of "yeah this stuff can be really bad for us".
But what's next? The social media companies aren't going to do anything about it. They will fight fight any attempt to admit it, discuss it, legislate it. And unfortunately it just so happens that these same companies and social networks are also most often the conduits by which people try to spread information to the masses, to make things known and to get people to care about them. Quite a predicament
Soda is an addiction. Coffee is an addiction. Chicken wings and cheese burgers are an addiction. Watching sports is an addiction. Orgasm is an addiction. Making money is an addiction, and so is spending money.
Humans are driven by pleasure. We are all pleasure seekers. If scrolling social media is an addiction then maybe exercise self control.
I don’t care what someone tells me is an addiction. Either control yourself or shut the fuck up
"What Tim Berners Lee doesn’t know or understand -
Social media is like fentanyl or cocaine for the masses."
First, I've a similar expression I've used for years which is Social Media is addictive electronic heroin.
I agree strongly with your comment and from my observations I've little doubt what you say is essentially correct. The evidence is everywhere; whenever I'm out and about I inevitability come across people staring transfixed at their phones, some whilst walking, others motionless, and still others walk across busy roads oblivious to traffic. These people are so engaged they really haven't a clue what else is going on around them.
(OK, critics would argue engaging in Social Media isn't all that people do on their phones and clearly that's true. But I'd counter that by saying Social Media is a large aspect of a broader addiction to electronic tech.)
Unless HN counts as one, I've no Social Media accounts—not even a Google account—so it's not surprising I'm a little curious about what so occupies those who do.
This raises questions about why so many engage in Social Media and I reckon you've answered that to a tee, it also raises the matter of why people like me find Social Media repulsive yet I've still no problem participating in forums such as HN.
Clearly, Social Media is having a large impact on human behavior and much of it negative but where's the proof and what's to be done about it? Social Media is now so entrenched that regulating it is essentially impossible.
It seems to me we need much more research into the effects of Social Media on human behavior before we can arrive at any definitive conclusions, and the most likely way to determine that is through a large longitudinal study—and that might take years.
Unless there's watertight scientific evidence that certain aspects of Social Media are having negative effects on behavior then nothing will happen to correct the problems—as commercial pressures to maintain the status quo will just quash any attempt to correct the situation.
I could give many reasons for why I made that point but it'd only start point-scoring over each issue. That said, whilst Social Media has many problems HN isn't perfect either.
That common problem is the voting system—likes/dislikes, up/downvoting. There are multiple problems here and there's much to say about it, but perhaps the worst is that it's polarizing. Frankly, I'd like to see it either eliminated or the rules substantially modified. For instance, downvoters are anonymous and they affect the outcome without ever having to say why they disagree†. That's not a good system, if one disagrees one ought to have the guts to argue why.
Of course, those who run the show would disagree as fewer people would participate.
† On HN, if, say, a poster receives 10 upvotes and 10 downvotes neither the poster nor others are aware of the fact. Effectively, a controversial topic where opinion is split down the middle turns out to look like it's a matter of little interest to anyone. That doesn't make much sense.
While I'd welcome more studies, this has been on the research agenda for a while now[0]. It'll be up to implementing better technical stewardship on the developer side, renewed educational programs and revisiting our regulation. Or getting people to touch grass[1].
[0]: Leung, L. (2004). Net-generation attributes and seductive properties of the internet as predictors of online activities and internet addiction. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 7(3), 333-348.
But it's not necessarily good hacker news material. We get links that do not work, publishers get free promotion without providing anything. We will say something about viable models, and then somebody will post an archive.org link, bypassing the paywall and the viable model.
I flag links that do not work, not because I'm opposed to subscriptions (I subscribe to some online publications), but because I think Hacker News should only link to articles that are actually on the internet.
Just an internationally known 137 yr old news outlet that is ranked #3 for Finance news in web traffic... Not knowing about FT says alot more about the poster than FT.
His thoughts and opinions are not related to FT's and so while the combo of his article title + a paywall might appear ironic, in reality it's just happenstance, with no deeper meaning or hypocrisy.
The "walled gardens" that he and others speak about in this context do not refer to sites/apps that cost money, they have a massively different meaning. But perhaps it wouldn't be fair to expect you to know this if the paywall prevented you from reading the article. Fear not, now you can: https://archive.ph/4Vvms
How does knocking down walled gardens work when different countries have different regulations / censorship? Wouldn’t those countries ban anything decentralized that doesn’t uphold their requirements?
Well, how does it work now? Do you think the only solution to this problem is the one we have now--a centralized, primarily profit-focused, zillion-dollar business entity?
An enormous centralized business does not possess magical fairy dust that negates the problems of international compliance. The underlying solutions to this are technical and social. Big business is merely able to get them done faster and more effectively because their profits are in jeopardy if they do not.
But there are plenty of ways to design applications and protocols such that different groups of people have different featuresets and limitations. We already kind of see that now with things built on top of ActivityPub, ATProto, etc., just not for this reason. For instance, there are some broad-scoped, full-featured social networks running on ActivityPub, but other platforms that just do microblogging and nothing else. They are both built on ActivityPub but can do very different things. You could apply this same concept to different countries and regulations, where the client/network someone uses only does the things that region allows, and then enforce it at the network level.
(Do I love that idea? No, but my point is, it's definitely not a technical impossibility.)
https://archive.is/4Vvms
Related Tim Berners-Lee Wants the Internet Back (24 points, 4 months ago, 10 comments) https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42171823
I'm all for this more open internet without the walled gardens, but skeptical that we'll get there simply by creating open alternatives. Not only is there a massive amount of inertia behind the walled garden networks that exist now, but you need people to build these complex things. Given how focused most engineers are on compensation (e.g., the obsession with FAANG as the pinnacle), I don't see how open things that likely don't have such a gigantic mountain of money behind it can compete for the necessary resources to execute the vision. Compensation will probably always pull the people who build stuff to the walled garden companies and the alternative will have trouble providing a competitive alternative. Plus, it seems inevitable that if some entity DOES start to build an open alternative to the walled gardens, at some point they'll feel the itch to grow, and slowly but surely I expect little tiny walls will begin to subtly sprout. Email is a bit of a bad comparison since the protocols existed BEFORE the big companies we see today, and that sort of meant they all interoperated from the start. Had we not had email in 1990 and different companies had to come up with their own messaging systems, we'd probably not see the clean interoperability we see today.
That’s why though I like ideas like Solid or the Fediverse, I’m skeptical they can be more than aspirational. The tech here isn’t the hard part, it’s the social factors.
That’s why I’m currently most excited about ATProto (Bluesky)… bootstrapping a protocol as a centralized service that has already hit critical mass, and that can now be fully decentralized on an opt-in basis… feels promising.
What pcorda is describing is actually the premise of Bluesky, which is why it was initially funded through grants and established as a Public Benefit Corporation. The logic has been to find the appropriate hybrid of commercial and non-commercial interest which will support the work.
The initial team came from a bunch of activist projects (typically p2p) and the thing we concluded was that activism requires a theory of change. How is your new technology going to get adopted across the world? The software world still largely operates by markets. Startups are the vehicle for distribution. So we need to behave like a startup while still accomplishing the technical/mission work.
The incredible gift was the initial funding and awareness, which Dorsey deserves a lot of credit for^1. That gave us about 10 months to do protocol work prior to commercialization, which was less than we wanted but just enough to get it done.
ActivityPub deserves a lot of credit too for its progress under an entirely different model, which I tend to describe as communitarian. What both projects did correctly was connect the protocol to an initial application that drives that distribution. Whether either get to "mass" adoption (greater than centralized services) is now the big question.
^1 Apologies for teeing up the inevitable "Dorsey left" conversations.
I looked in at ATProto and it is really well thought out and promising. Thank you for posting this.
It isn't easy to create alternative, but it should not be created as alternative to Facebook for example, but an alternative space for people to connect and express themselves. That will work more then just create another copy.
> I looked in at ATProto and it is really well thought out and promising.
No it isn't.
Counter-point: It's sufficiently thought out and promising.
Would you elaborate? Because that could be an interesting technical discussion.
The tech is also hard and Bluesky and Mastodon are shit.
I think you're at least partly right, which is why the solution is heavy financial penalties against large companies. The problem isn't tech, it's mountains of money. Flatten those mountains.
Well that isn't happening so…
They will be turned into public utilities. Especially messaging. One country will start. Others will follow.
After which majority that doesnt need the levels of constant Attention the social media addicted free content manufacturing minority does will leave. And social media will face major issues.
Cuz when ever growing Content chases finite non growing eyeballs you cant keep increasing Ad prices every quarter and report profits for ever. This is zuckanomics which is utter shit.
Analysts are already seeing those limits being hit but since they havr seen time and again when limits get hit corporate robots like zuck then do layoffs, buy the competition, capture regulators, avoid tax, sell more personal data, inject more ads etc etc they still see scope for parasitic growth.
But parasitic growth comes with predictable and unpredictable cost. And they will build with time. Just like Jurassic Park. And we know how that story ends.
Human Attention cannot be exploited at population scale or there will be chaos.
> Human Attention cannot be exploited at population scale or there will be chaos.
Related and very relevant paper: https://hdsr.mitpress.mit.edu/pub/ujvharkk/release/1
Attention is being exploited at scale. It's continuing, and evolving, and might soon manifest as other things (like intention).
I am not sure your predictions are accurate, but I at least would like a couple of them to be. I have thought a lot about the idea of certain ubiquitous and permeating things like social media as utilities, or at least non-profits with a public oversight and standards/requirements to comply with that are substantial, limiting, and entirely designed around what is good for the public rather than what is good for a business. Not sure this will ever actually happen, as time goes on, I only find more arguments for why it should, not less.
> will be turned into public utilities. Especially messaging.
Honestly, yes. It's working for China. With America doing its thing right now, it makes sense for e.g. the EU and Canada to look at whether handing communications and social media to American companies makes sense.
No they won't.
It's interesting that the proposed solution to this problem is more often than not "add another layer."
The solution as far as I see it is to just go back to the zero algorithm version of social media. You follow people, you see their stuff in your feed. At best, you get recommendations of who to follow, but there's zero compulsion to follow or look at anything. No AI, no fancy algorithms, just good ol' fashioned CRUD.
Wrap the whole thing up in a nice UI/UX and, most importantly, take a 100% neutral stance on politics and other "faction building" modes of thought.
The chaos really didn't start until the algorithms (and by extension, the low-quality content they elevate) and politics came in. All of the alternatives so far have implemented some of the above ideas, but the juiciness of taking a political/ideological stance has been too attractive.
Yep. I agree. And, the last thing we need are more echo chambers... The current trend is really dangerous.
"One way to do this is to mandate that social network platforms follow new standards. Another is to quietly build an alternative world using these standards and let people realize that it is better — just as they did when leaving restricted online services AOL and Prodigy for the freedom of the web."
We would all have to take on the role of the evangelist in a serious way. I really love that he wrote this article.
"Changing the algorithm to make it benevolent rather than polarising is easy for those who control the platforms."
What bubble does the author live in that tells hen that "benevolence" is easy?
The values of the cultures most of us have regular contact with are very different.
It is easy in a physical and technical sense, and it also probably be easy in the other senses if the power to make that decision was held by a different group of people than those who currently do.
Nobody is saying that it is "easy" to mean that there's no friction preventing it and that it's astounding that it hasn't been done. On the contrary--the fact that certain beneficial things are very easy in a logistical sense but incredibly difficult in a power/cultural/social structure sense is the core of the problem. And it's worth reminding people about.
There are lots of things that are easy but still aren't done.
Am I missing something? He wants to make an app where you put all of your data and then an AI to act on it? Can someone smarter than me explain why this is a good idea?
>When the web started, you could make your own website so long as you had a computer and an internet connection (admittedly back then this was a big proviso). You could get a domain name like abc.com and put whatever you liked there. You could blog, and link to other blogs. You were part of an incredibly valuable thing from which you seemed to contribute a tiny bit and gain a great deal.
>That feeling of personal empowerment we sometimes call digital sovereignty has since been lost.
It hasn't been lost with the rise of social media. If someone wants to blog their thoughts they still only need a computer with an internet connection, but now it's even easier than before. They can register an X account, for example, for free compared to spending double $xx per year for a domain. Instead of having to build a whole website and finding a server to host it X makes it easy for you. For blogging X is a more attractive platform than the web is for the average person.
Just because there are aspects that are decentralized, that doesn't mean it's better. It's not like you are free to talk about anything on the web. In practice DNS is centralized. The server's upstream is centralized. Instead of making reports to X, they make reports to registrars and ISPs. If you want to fix the danger of being cut off you need to do it via the legal system as it's not something decentralization can entirely fix.
>This is the system that we already have for email — that’s why you can have an email group that includes people using different providers such as Gmail, Outlook and Yahoo.
Sure email exists, but in practice consumers prefer to chat using centralized platforms. The federated nature of email made it stagnant which made it fail to compete with other messaging platforms.
> Changing the algorithm to make it benevolent rather than polarising is easy for those who control the platforms.
I probably don't want a feed where someone else decides what's good for me to see.
> When the web started, you could make your own website so long as you had a computer and an internet connection (admittedly back then this was a big proviso).
Substack, Medium, GitHub pages, Blogger, several WordPress places, etc. Or a $2.50/mo VPS and a $10/yr domain name, or some of the big cloud providers probably have things they scale down even further.
> We did not insist that we could share our Facebook photos with our LinkedIn colleagues, for example. Nor did we insist that we could use the same identity and transfer the same friend list from Instagram to X and then to Reddit.
I specifically do not want all sites to be views onto a single global space with global identities and relationships.
> Another is to quietly build an alternative world using these standards and let people realise that it is better
Has ActivityPub managed to eat the world yet?
> I probably don't want a feed where someone else decides what's good for me to see.
I agree, but today you have a feed where someone else has decided what's good for THEM for you to see. Neither are good.
Thing is, for awhile now, "social media" is the RSS feed. The social networks are the feed to access the content in the various gardens beyond the wall. As in the POSSE approach. Happy for more ppl to publish on their own sites but we need the social networks to provide the launching point, the syndication point to get to that content. And as along as the networks offer that "following" view so I can see most of the content from those I choose to follow, I'm also ok with some algorithm showing me other stuff related/beyond/curated. The network effect is a bonus and keeps the fresh content and viewpoints beyond what's immediately in front of me and that's healthy and useful somewhat.
If only Google would stop indexing social media and start linking to blogs and sources of real people the world would be better off. Maybe we need a humanity score for the search results and not an engagement score. Do I really need to see Reddit, Quora, Twitter here?
https://ruben.verborgh.org/blog/2017/12/20/paradigm-shifts-f...
The most ironic thing about this story is that 1) it is a story about the problems with walled gardens, and 2) it is hosted on a site that actually is a walled garden and will not let anyone read the article until you pay them
Can we have an alternative to walled off ad system instead?
One thing that these efforts seem to miss: payments.
The ads are there not just for fun, but they provide an income stream to content creators and for the networks themselves. In essence, ads work as a micro-payment infrastructure. But then you need to drive up visits to increase the number of ad impressions. And this leads to the spiral of ever-radicalizing media.
What can be done? I don't know. Something like "basic attention token" but without shady crypto, perhaps?
AFAICT, content is "rated" not on quality, but on quantity, as in popularity and virality; essentially all the things that advertisers love.
Now, that's not to say that popularity and quality are mutually exclusive; only that popularity is the only measure that I can see in operation.
I actually do pay for quality, but not on the internet, partly due to the lack of tokens, and the rather nasty risk of using one's credit card at countless sites. Each one increases the already too-high risk of hacking by some factor unknown to me, and I limit internet payments as much as I can. I'm not a fan of pre-paid credit cards. I use Apple Pay to conceal the credit card info, though that's not a foolproof system. Apple too often asks for a passcode when I am shopping, and in sight of shoulder surfers and surveillance cameras.
The ideal is be able to reduce to effectively noncommercial at-cost operations, perhaps by distributing through services that are paid for but underutilized.
Some people think that adtech has to be intrusive and violating for it to be effective, but that's not true - we're just competing against highly vertical monopolies with total dominance, from browser to industry. I think sponsorship models might be good alternatives, with service provided through municipal providers like amateur radio bands.
There would have to be some strict rules, but it could be available to anyone within a certain address space who is a private citizen operating in either a non-commercial or limited commercial capacity (and limited external connectivity, like a local LAN), managed like the CB crowd does against unauthorized usage.
If you want to peer with the town over and they're dominated by a private ISP who won't allow it, maybe it'll give them something to think about.
> What can be done? I don't know
Literally the article.
Literally not. The article has zero answers about what to do with ads.
You can't build a sustainable model without having an income. And ads are the only way to get it right now, because subscriptions can't scale down to the level of individual sites.
Easier said than done. Social media companies have virtually unlimited money to promote their platforms.
simple. mandate that each human gets as owned, non saleable property, a full digital domain, web space for personal and business activities,including hosting video and other media, email, phone, text, as birthrights. guaranteed private and protected from warantless search and guaranteed copyright to media created by each indivual, with this provisio, that greater traffic would be scrutenised, and past a certain point would be considered public, or in need of incorporating etc, ie private peer to peer, at the human level, and perhaps some record of networks, where people convicted of serious crimes enabled by and useing digital comunication could be exposed and have there "networks" examined. platforms would still exist, but would be bound to include personal links if so desired. impose this, and empower, everybody
Honestly, this feels so underwhelming. Nothing in this article mentions anything new, there are quite a lot of decentralized and p2p protocols already which have proven to work at scale. The web is far more complex now and from the looks of it, Tim is failing to grasp it
One comment here called out content junk food, another called out the complexity of the replacement. It's both. People generally don't want thoughtful, quality content, and they certainly don't want to pay for it.
Also funny to see the article behind the FT paywall, but that's an audience that actually does pay for quality content.
The irony
What Tim Berners Lee doesn’t know or understand -
Social media is like fentanyl or cocaine for the masses. It’s preying on people’s stresses and poor mental health by providing temporary relief or disconnecting from the real world. Social media being a place to connect and maybe even run a small business is like 1% of it. It’s a place for attention seeking people filling their loneliness with fake connections and content while content consumers are trying to achieve the same buy consuming instead.
Ive seen people unable to get out of instagram. Their fingers are constantly twitching and scrolling. This is just like drugs and controlled substances. The government punishes the dealers and is trying to control but failing cause there are plenty of corrupt people willing to bypass this. Same goes with social media. Zuckerberg is probably worse than Escobar.
Social medias promise of social connections was really just the same as what drug dealers offer, the good stuff for new consumers and then once they are hooked give them the cheap stuff. They really don’t care about ‘social’ part of it because the addiction potential is so high.
Start doing mass studies on cognitive problems created by instagram and TikTok. Publish them in big journals and show how social media can go from social to addictions so quickly. People already consider phones as part of their body, I won’t be surprised if people also consider their instagram account more valuable than their health.
> Start doing mass studies on cognitive problems created by instagram and TikTok. Publish them in big journals
This has already happened. We didn't kick Big Tobacco by publishing research and just talking about it. We got them with bans. I don't see America doing it. But now would be a good time for e.g. the EU to start regulating social media like a utility.
We made smoking heavily taxed and socially unacceptable as well - watch Die Hard 2. John McClain is smoking in public spaces like the AIRPORT. People still do cocaine regularly, but in secret or in bathrooms. The problem with social media is the legal SUPPORT in the US, it’s far worse than tobacco ever dreamed of accomplishing.
Banning social media in public spaces is something I would support, but HOW?
> the EU to start regulating social media like a utility.
They could just actually enforce the existing GDPR which already makes most of these addiction-based models unsustainable.
> could just actually enforce the existing GDPR which already makes most of these addiction-based models unsustainable
It would be ill advised without a popular mandate. Remember the conspiracy theories the TikTok ban prompted? You don't want to yank the neo-Nazis' Twitters on a bureaucratic point.
We almost got there with TikTok. Almost...
> We almost got there with TikTok. Almost...
Not really. The TikTok ban was rooted in national security concerns. The coalition that brought it forward would not be useful for regulating social media as the drug analog it is.
I don't see a brilliant move in America. (There is an a brilliant opportunity in the EU, Canada and Mexico to recapitulate the TikTok bill's rhetoric and structure, aiming it at both China and America.)
The analogies are all over the place lol.
Is social media pure evil like tobacco OR is it a necessity like a utility?
How can it be both?
EU pretends it is both while getting backdoor access.
https://www.aljazeera.com/amp/economy/2024/6/20/orwellian-eu...
> Social media is like fentanyl or cocaine for the masses… Ive seen people unable to get out of instagram. Their fingers are constantly twitching and scrolling. This is just like drugs and controlled substances.
Flying is such a wild experience as you can always see the person in front of you constantly scrolling. One time I saw a young gal pay $20 for internet on a 3 hour flight and would scroll Facebook for a minute or two, switch to Instagram for a minute or two, then back to Facebook… for 4 straight hours (boarding + flight + landing). I was genuinely appalled.
I've been the same thing now that I look for it. In a theater in December I saw at least 2 people scrolling through Google or Apple News. In the plane I saw at least 3 people on TikTok. On roadtrips people scroll through Reddit when there is a lull in the conversation.
I don't think it's necessarily worse than people reading a book! But it is certainly widespread.
When you are stuck doomscrolling you will notice that it isn't even enjoyable, which is true for a lot of addiction.
Rhetoric like this is interesting to me because it so precisely mirrors what I heard growing up about alcohol. I had a large group of friends whose families were very religious in a religion that was very anti-alcohol. They had reached a critical mass where they didn’t know anyone who drank alcohol (or admitted to it, anyway) other than stories of severe alcoholics that got passed around the community. These stories were emphasized and amplified for them every Sunday. They truly didn’t believe that moderate or occasional alcohol consumption was possible, because to them the only thing they knew about alcohol was the part about addicts whose lives had been destroyed.
Even from a young age I thought it was strange how much they bounced these stories back and forth off of each other and how good they were at finding more stories about celebrities or local figures who had problems with alcohol to support their case.
It was also fascinating how self-congratulatory it all become. They weren’t simply sharing stories to earn each other away from a trap, they were sharing stories to reaffirm their own superiority as people who saw through the sham and wisely chose against it. The worse they made it sound, the more superior they could feel about being on the outside.
I get the exact same vibes when I read internet posts like this, which take the situation to such an extreme that they think comparisons like this are accurate and profound:
> Zuckerberg is probably worse than Escobar
Then there’s the idea that social media can’t be used for socializing, and anyone claiming otherwise is lying:
> Social media being a place to connect and maybe even run a small business is like 1% of it. It’s a place for attention seeking people filling their loneliness with fake connections and content
Yet many of us are out here using social media to keep up with friends without spending 99% of our time doing this fentanyl-like addiction that everyone tells us is inevitable.
I’m not saying that people don’t get addicted to social media, just as there are people who get addicted to alcohol (obviously). I’m merely pointing out that, like alcohol, the vast majority of people who participate aren’t degenerate addicts who lose control. This weird rhetoric about Zuckerberg being worse than Escobar or implied calls for government to treat it like drug dealers are fodder for the self-congratulatory people who want extra validation for their decision to stay off social media (defined in a way to exclude Hacker News, Reddit, and other social sites), but they’re hardly accurate. It’s weird to see these hyperbolic takes being so popular on, oddly enough, social commentary sites.
To your drinking analogy, imagine there was a version of alcohol that had all the positive effects (being drunk is fun and silly, makes social interaction flow a bit easier, etc) and none of the negative effects. But then a company called Drinkbook comes along and their version has all the same positives but also many, many drawbacks. They become a huge company and kill off all the smaller producers, and everyone uses their version :)
That's effectively what happened to social interaction on the internet. We had all the connection before, but none of the addiction. So I just don't buy the argument that the hyper addictive variants of social media are a net good.
Thanks for sharing that insight. When I read the original comment I felt like I was an outlier for thinking how beneficial I’ve found social media on a personal level. If used with intention then there’s a wealth of learning and knowledge that the algorithms help deliver.
Of course there are many people who use social media purely for distraction. Which if used chronically is going to have an overwhelming negative impact.
In social media’s current for profit model it benefits from negatively impacting people. Which is a shame given if it wanted to, it could focus on the wellbeing of all its users.
An example I can give is the Reddit app that used to give a warning if a user used it for over a certain amount of time. These days it encourages it’s users to stay engaged with badges.
Zuck directly controls the algorithm to his own ends, he is much worse than Escobar, he is actively destroying the minds of children. You are defending him bc you don't want to believe that we are in the dystopian nightmare we all feared.
I value this insight but think that you might be part of the 1% your parent has described.
I believe, you are a specific minority actually. What the OP described “gal flipping between FB/Insta” is actual reality around me when I am outside and look around me. Young and adult, all are flipping, the younger they are more TikTok/Insta, older they are more FB/X.
Even some of my family members who preached the bad of smartphones and internet are addicted to Facebook/Youtube and mindlessly scroll away while I observe the insanity.
It is sad and unimaginable for those of us who can resist the claws of the addiction, but for the rest 99%, it is just escaping the boredom/loneliness/social disconnect.
Social media wanted to connect people to genuine interactions over long distances, instead it has created a whirlwind of addiction media supply. Most people’s feed are very insignificant portion of their real connections and dominant following of content farms, celebrity gossips, meme, media misinformation, polarisation and of course 66% of ads trying to sell them something related to the most common trend of their feed at that hour.
its not the worst crime in the world to be pretentious.
if i see people who are obese as lesser than me, and that hypes me up to exercise every day until im 80, is that really so bad?
it may not make me a saint, but it would make me healthy.
You are not superior to obese people, even if you exercise every day. Simple as that.
You don't need to be a degenerate alcoholic to see negative health effects from drinking alcohol. Alcohol hastens obesity by being high in calories, impairs sleep quality, damages your brain/liver and may be a carcinogen.
The point being, social media can be bad for your health even if it doesn't ruin your life.
> Social medias promise of social connections was really just the same as what drug dealers offer, the good stuff for new consumers and then once they are hooked give them the cheap stuff. They really don’t care about ‘social’ part of it because the addiction potential is so high.
This is a little to cynical of a take and ignores how social media really evolved. Facebook and myspace were actual social places where we interacted with each other.
You need to look at the evolution (which mostly happened organically) where businesses started joining as people and eventually social media stopped being social and turned into a one direction communication platform. The only non-organic evolution i think is the change from chronological timeliness to algorithim
He does know this, he just wants it to stop.
There is a massive amount of very high-quality compelling (and damning) studies on this subject, with more coming in all the time, and very little that contradicts the premise of "yeah this stuff can be really bad for us".
But what's next? The social media companies aren't going to do anything about it. They will fight fight any attempt to admit it, discuss it, legislate it. And unfortunately it just so happens that these same companies and social networks are also most often the conduits by which people try to spread information to the masses, to make things known and to get people to care about them. Quite a predicament
Soda is an addiction. Coffee is an addiction. Chicken wings and cheese burgers are an addiction. Watching sports is an addiction. Orgasm is an addiction. Making money is an addiction, and so is spending money.
Humans are driven by pleasure. We are all pleasure seekers. If scrolling social media is an addiction then maybe exercise self control.
I don’t care what someone tells me is an addiction. Either control yourself or shut the fuck up
There is a huge difference between a chicken wing enjoyer (most people) and a chicken wing addict.
> What Tim Berners Lee doesn’t know or understand
He knows, he uses, he understands more than you think.
"What Tim Berners Lee doesn’t know or understand - Social media is like fentanyl or cocaine for the masses."
First, I've a similar expression I've used for years which is Social Media is addictive electronic heroin.
I agree strongly with your comment and from my observations I've little doubt what you say is essentially correct. The evidence is everywhere; whenever I'm out and about I inevitability come across people staring transfixed at their phones, some whilst walking, others motionless, and still others walk across busy roads oblivious to traffic. These people are so engaged they really haven't a clue what else is going on around them.
(OK, critics would argue engaging in Social Media isn't all that people do on their phones and clearly that's true. But I'd counter that by saying Social Media is a large aspect of a broader addiction to electronic tech.)
Unless HN counts as one, I've no Social Media accounts—not even a Google account—so it's not surprising I'm a little curious about what so occupies those who do.
This raises questions about why so many engage in Social Media and I reckon you've answered that to a tee, it also raises the matter of why people like me find Social Media repulsive yet I've still no problem participating in forums such as HN.
Clearly, Social Media is having a large impact on human behavior and much of it negative but where's the proof and what's to be done about it? Social Media is now so entrenched that regulating it is essentially impossible.
It seems to me we need much more research into the effects of Social Media on human behavior before we can arrive at any definitive conclusions, and the most likely way to determine that is through a large longitudinal study—and that might take years.
Unless there's watertight scientific evidence that certain aspects of Social Media are having negative effects on behavior then nothing will happen to correct the problems—as commercial pressures to maintain the status quo will just quash any attempt to correct the situation.
Nothing like FB/Insta (which I am not using), but for me HN still counts.
I could give many reasons for why I made that point but it'd only start point-scoring over each issue. That said, whilst Social Media has many problems HN isn't perfect either.
That common problem is the voting system—likes/dislikes, up/downvoting. There are multiple problems here and there's much to say about it, but perhaps the worst is that it's polarizing. Frankly, I'd like to see it either eliminated or the rules substantially modified. For instance, downvoters are anonymous and they affect the outcome without ever having to say why they disagree†. That's not a good system, if one disagrees one ought to have the guts to argue why.
Of course, those who run the show would disagree as fewer people would participate.
† On HN, if, say, a poster receives 10 upvotes and 10 downvotes neither the poster nor others are aware of the fact. Effectively, a controversial topic where opinion is split down the middle turns out to look like it's a matter of little interest to anyone. That doesn't make much sense.
While I'd welcome more studies, this has been on the research agenda for a while now[0]. It'll be up to implementing better technical stewardship on the developer side, renewed educational programs and revisiting our regulation. Or getting people to touch grass[1].
[0]: Leung, L. (2004). Net-generation attributes and seductive properties of the internet as predictors of online activities and internet addiction. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 7(3), 333-348.
[1]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43158660
I wonder if he knows he posted a compliant about walled gardens behind a paywall.... Another form of walled garden.
Oh the irony.
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"Let's knock down social media's walled gardens..."
Links to pay wall trying to get me to pay for some subscription service I've never heard of and would never want to sign up for sight unseen.
mmmhmmm
The financial times is well known and subscriptions are journalism's only viable model today
But it's not necessarily good hacker news material. We get links that do not work, publishers get free promotion without providing anything. We will say something about viable models, and then somebody will post an archive.org link, bypassing the paywall and the viable model.
I flag links that do not work, not because I'm opposed to subscriptions (I subscribe to some online publications), but because I think Hacker News should only link to articles that are actually on the internet.
Journalism, sure. But most people are happy with entertainment news.
I'm a FT subscriber. I just know 99% of people aren't, and lots aren't even aware it exists or its reputation.
If you have to tell people that it's well known, it's not well known.
Just an internationally known 137 yr old news outlet that is ranked #3 for Finance news in web traffic... Not knowing about FT says alot more about the poster than FT.
[dead]
His thoughts and opinions are not related to FT's and so while the combo of his article title + a paywall might appear ironic, in reality it's just happenstance, with no deeper meaning or hypocrisy.
The "walled gardens" that he and others speak about in this context do not refer to sites/apps that cost money, they have a massively different meaning. But perhaps it wouldn't be fair to expect you to know this if the paywall prevented you from reading the article. Fear not, now you can: https://archive.ph/4Vvms
FT is one of the most prestigious journals going. This article is designed to be read by the elite, especially in Europe.
So no walled gardens outside the castles, essentially?
How does knocking down walled gardens work when different countries have different regulations / censorship? Wouldn’t those countries ban anything decentralized that doesn’t uphold their requirements?
Well, how does it work now? Do you think the only solution to this problem is the one we have now--a centralized, primarily profit-focused, zillion-dollar business entity?
An enormous centralized business does not possess magical fairy dust that negates the problems of international compliance. The underlying solutions to this are technical and social. Big business is merely able to get them done faster and more effectively because their profits are in jeopardy if they do not.
But there are plenty of ways to design applications and protocols such that different groups of people have different featuresets and limitations. We already kind of see that now with things built on top of ActivityPub, ATProto, etc., just not for this reason. For instance, there are some broad-scoped, full-featured social networks running on ActivityPub, but other platforms that just do microblogging and nothing else. They are both built on ActivityPub but can do very different things. You could apply this same concept to different countries and regulations, where the client/network someone uses only does the things that region allows, and then enforce it at the network level.
(Do I love that idea? No, but my point is, it's definitely not a technical impossibility.)