When I started to really get into robotics, mechanics, and automation back in the late 80s and early 90s, the fork in the road of Rodney Brooke's subsumption architecture, but still digital, approach versus Mark Tilden's BEAM analog approach really had me trying both.
CPGs (Central Pattern Generators) were often implemented using simple RC (resistor-capacitor) circuits within his "nervous net" (NvNet) architectures. The RC circuits generated rhythmic patterns that drove the robots' motor behaviors, allowing gaits to emerge naturally from the interaction of these analog components with the environment and the robot's mechanical structure. This approach enabled adaptive, robust locomotion without requiring complex digital control systems.
His 6-legged robots could lose a leg, and the system would take feedback from the stuck or missing leg, and learn to walk with 5 or 4 legs. Amazing stuff.
> One example of an analog computer is a mechanical clock. It calculates that passage of time by means of springs, gears and an escapement that models the real world. Many other examples include slide rules (yes, I'm that old), speedometers, spring or liquid thermometers, and more.
What we call "computer" today is really a "general-purpose computer."
Although, personally I think it's a stretch of semantics to call a mechanical clock a "computer."
Similar sentiments to some of my older camera lenses that call their depth of field scale a computer. Doubly so when they were later cost-reduced out and replaced with basic, static markings rather than a mechanism that expanded/contracted depending on your aperture
Alternative link from Cornell's website: https://news.cornell.edu/stories/2025/08/researchers-build-f...
I have always thought that digital killed analogue prematurely and unnecessarily. I hope this works out.
The potential of fully miniature vacuum tubes was never realized
When I started to really get into robotics, mechanics, and automation back in the late 80s and early 90s, the fork in the road of Rodney Brooke's subsumption architecture, but still digital, approach versus Mark Tilden's BEAM analog approach really had me trying both.
CPGs (Central Pattern Generators) were often implemented using simple RC (resistor-capacitor) circuits within his "nervous net" (NvNet) architectures. The RC circuits generated rhythmic patterns that drove the robots' motor behaviors, allowing gaits to emerge naturally from the interaction of these analog components with the environment and the robot's mechanical structure. This approach enabled adaptive, robust locomotion without requiring complex digital control systems.
His 6-legged robots could lose a leg, and the system would take feedback from the stuck or missing leg, and learn to walk with 5 or 4 legs. Amazing stuff.
> One example of an analog computer is a mechanical clock. It calculates that passage of time by means of springs, gears and an escapement that models the real world. Many other examples include slide rules (yes, I'm that old), speedometers, spring or liquid thermometers, and more.
What we call "computer" today is really a "general-purpose computer."
Although, personally I think it's a stretch of semantics to call a mechanical clock a "computer."
Similar sentiments to some of my older camera lenses that call their depth of field scale a computer. Doubly so when they were later cost-reduced out and replaced with basic, static markings rather than a mechanism that expanded/contracted depending on your aperture
Seems to be the press release for this article: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41928-025-01422-1
Anyone know where I can read it?
Got the link from google scholar:
[PDF] https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-5494383/latest.pdf
You can read it from that link if you're accessing from an institution subscribed to Nature or have Nature+.
I asked Claude to dream it up instead. It was good.
Don't you just love how marketing has to slap a "AI" paragraph in there?
The bigger deal is 200mW for 30Ghz. Which incidentally... Is probably never going to be nice for modern AI.
Surely mechanical clocks are digital in the sense that time is quantized into ticks by the escapement. The various gears do not rotate continuously.
“Discrete” does not mean “digital”.
Digital logic is the system of gates and switches that we use as an abstraction layer over analog circuits. AND, OR, XOR, etc.
You certainly could build logic gates out of gears, and this would be a digital mechanical computer. But it’s not often done.
I thought digital meant you use your fingers. I use my fingers a lot with my computer
Link is not loading, probably due to DNS ad-blocking being blocked. Can someone save it to archive?
Here is an alt link: https://news.cornell.edu/stories/2025/08/researchers-build-f...
It seems it will still use some digital process to encode and decode whatever is transmitted or received, I could be misreading it.
Long live analog!